NPP In ActionUniversity of Massachusetts
"For 25 years, NPP and Greg have been clear on their priority: building a better world, and arguing to use our collective resources in a sustainable and just way. They’ve helped us stay focused and be better activists. There is no trade-off for NPP and Greg Speeter!"
- Stephanie Luce, Labor Center
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Notes and Sources: Trade-Offs Page
Notes and Sources: Trade Offs Tool
Programs: To obtain local cost breakdowns, we calculated each state's share of taxes paid into federal funds revenues (based on IRS data). This includes individual income taxes, corporate income taxes, excise, gift and estate taxes. Each state's share of taxes was then multiplied by the total amount of the given item. The Congressional District share is based on its population and median household income relative to the total state figure. Total Defense Spending: According to the Public Budget Database for FY 2010, total Department of Defense FY 2010 spending (Subfunctions 051, 053, 054, 152) would be $704.3 billion.
Ballistic Missile Defense: According to the Center for Arms Control and Nuclear Proliferation, the total proposed spending for ballistic missile defense for FY 2010 would be $10.3 billion. This amount includes Space Based Infra-Red System - High. Nuclear Weapons: According to the Budget of the United States Government, FY2010 (Table 5.1), spending on Department of Energy's Atomic Energy Defense Activities (Subfunction 053) for FY 2010 would be $17.6 billion. Cost of War: To date, the total cost of war that has been allocated by Congress is $1.05 trillion, with $747.3 to Iraq and $299 to Afghanistan. These numbers are based on an analysis of legislation in which Congress has allocated money for war and research by the Congressional Research Service (latest report) which has access to Department of Defense financial reports. During the Bush administration, the majority of war funding was allocated through emergency supplementals. The Obama administration pledged that beginning with the fiscal year 2010 budget, war funding would be included in the core budget appropriations process. Indeed, this year's $136.8 billion in funding for Iraq and Afghanistan was approved as a part of the FY2010 budget process, although the administration will need to return to the use of supplemental appropriations to fund the 30,000 troop surge in Afghanistan announced by President Obama in December 2009.
Please note that the Department of Defense was also permitted by legislation to transfer funds amongst operations (peacetime, Afghanistan, etc.) and so estimating war costs based on Congressional legislation is not enough. Trade-Offs:
People or Children Receiving Health Care: The state numbers are for one year of coverage and are based on the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Data Compendium. They represent the average Medicaid outlays per person or per child in each state for 1999 and 2000, and then are forecasted for 2005. Public Safety Officers: Each state's number is based on the average amount of annual pay a public safety officer receives, plus 25% for other expenses associated with employment such as benefits. These numbers are for 2005 from the Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates, and they cover one year of employment. Music and Arts Teachers: Each state's number is based on the average amount of annual pay an a music/art teacher receives, plus 25% for other expenses associated with employment such as benefits. These numbers are for 2005 from the Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates, and they cover one year of employment. Scholarships for University Students: The number for each state is based on the cost of tuition and fees for one year at that state's flagship university for the 2005-2006 academic year. Data on tuition and fees are available at the National Center for Education Statistics' College Opportunities On-Line (COOL). Students receiving Pell Grants of $5350: The maximum Pell Grant award is $5350 for July 1, 2009-June 30, 2010. We used that number for each of the states and for the United States as a whole. Information on the Federal Pell Grant Program can be found at the Office of Postsecondary Education at the US Department of Education. Affordable Housing Units: The number for each state is based on Census 1990 and 2000 housing values. We have taken the average of the median and lower quartile values, and forecasted for 2005. This may be a fairly rough estimate of what is would cost to build affordable housing, but does constitute a good estimate of an inexpensive housing unit in each state. Head Start Places for Children: We calculated cost per child numbers for each state based on state numbers from the Administration of Children and Families' Head Start Bureau. These numbers are from 2005.
Elementary School Teachers: Each state's number is based on the average amount of annual pay an elementary school teacher receives, plus 25% for other expenses associated with employment such as benefits. These numbers are for 2005 from the Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates, and they cover one year of employment. Homes with Renewable Electricity: The average kWh per home was calculated with data from the Energy Information Administration on total residential electricity usage (by state) and number occupied households. The cost of wind energy is approximately 8 cents per kWh according to research done by Ryan Wiser and Edward Kahn at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. For our estimations, we've used 8 cents.
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